94% had H5 antibodies, 100% showed neutralization despite no exposure to virus.

A new peer-reviewed study published last week in the journal Immunity reports that the vast majority of people already carry antibodies capable of neutralizing the cattle-linked purported H5N1 bird flu virus, despite having no known exposure to H5N1 and being classified as immunologically naïve.

It also challenges the justification for government-led gain-of-function bird flu experiments and mass vaccine development programs built on the premise that humans have little to no existing immunity, including the Trump administration’s $500 million “next-generation, gold-standard” bird flu vaccine effort.

Bottom Line – The findings show that H5N1 is not entering the human population as an immunological blank slate: most people already carry antibodies and immune memory capable of recognizing and neutralizing the virus, even without prior exposure. This directly undercuts pandemic narratives that portray H5N1 as a wholly novel, population-wide threat requiring emergency gain-of-function research or mass vaccine programs to create immunity from scratch.

https://jonfleetwood.substack.com/p/most-people-already-have-immune-defenses?

AND

Pre-existing neutralizing antibodies against cattle-transmitted influenza A virus H5N1 are detectable in unexposed individuals

https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(25)00569-2?