Coronavirus – Basic Response In The UK Explained
The views expressed below are my own, and I’m not speaking in any official capacity.
Many of you know I’m a meteorologist. What you may not know is that my particular job role is ‘Civil Contingency Advisor’. What that means is that for my region of England, I’m responsible for engaging with what we call ‘Local Resilience Forums’ to communicate effectively, the risks associated with severe weather which is expected to impact in the coming days/weeks.
The Local Resilience Forums are made up of all responding organisations at a local government level (Fire, Police, Health, Military, Environment Agency, Meteorological Office, Mountain Rescue, Utility Companies, Voluntary Organisations). It’s a mixture of government bodies, charities and private sector organisations. The purpose ? To prepare/plan/exercise for all scenarios on the National Risk Register and fulfil obligations under the Civil Contingencies Act. In other words, to make sure that in a disaster/emergency, all of the people who have to respond have prepared for it, and are able to respond effectively – talking to each other in an open and responsible way. We need to know each others abilities, what we can all do to help in such a response.
Pandemic Flu has long been number 1 on the UK’s National Risk Register.
First things first. The UK has a population somewhere in the region of 66-67 million. London is a mega-city with a population of around 10 million. Our flu season typically runs from Autumn to Spring (ending in March), and results in an average 17,000 fatalities.
Our flu season had all but ended as Covid-19 arrived. Our annual loss due to flu was pretty much over. Anyone with flu-like symptoms from that point onwards was, more than likely, suffering from Coronavirus.
Our ‘official’ death toll due to Covid-19 is close to 35,000. Our excess deaths (difference from the average) is at least 50,000 (during the 2-3 months since the virus arrived). It appears from early statistics that around 10% of the population may have been exposed to the virus, leaving 90% vulnerable. Like everywhere else, the deaths are highly concentrated amongst the over 70’s, and those with pre-existing health conditions. Despite that, we’ve lost dozens, possibly hundreds of apparently fit and healthy frontline workers/doctors/nurses/medical staff/bus drivers, as well as children and babies. I’ve lost 2 relatives and know many who got very, very ill, and are now experiencing health problems. There are so many tragic stories…
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tyne-52545623
https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/uk-news/coronavirus-covid-19-queens-hospital-18083886
https://www.today.com/health/son-speaks-out-after-parents-die-coronavirus-6-minutes-apart-t177410
https://news.sky.com/story/pictured-some-of-those-who-have-died-in-uk-after-contracting-coronavirus-11963683 – Look at the faces – they are not all old
https://news.sky.com/story/coronavirus-healthy-boy-13-is-youngest-uk-victim-11966526 – Young people also dying
Anyway, these are just a tiny fraction of those 50,000 sad stories. The point is this – what choice did our government have ? We were told by the modellers that if we locked down quickly a death toll of 20,000 would be a good outcome. In other words, the only way to keep the number of deaths similar to a flu season (bearing in mind that we had just come out of flu season) would be to lock down immediately and prevent transmission. At that point, everyone who had the illness was passing it onto 3 others. The ‘r’ rate was 3. That meant that if we had 100,000 infected, that would become 400,000 (The original 100,000 plus another 300,000), then 1.6 million (400,000 plus another 1.2 million), then 4.8 million… you get the idea. That’s just simple mathematics and how virus spread works. We needed to get the reproduction rate (the ‘r’ number) below 1, and fast. The virus was already present across the entire country.
As it turned out, we couldn’t manage to achieve the better outcome of 20,000 dead, but we did slow it down enough to prevent the hospital system from becoming overwhelmed and collapsing. The death toll is likely past 50,000, but the ‘r’ number is below 1, meaning the case numbers are going down, not up. Here’s a graph (2 weeks old now) which gives an idea of where we were at with Covid-19 deaths in the UK…
Addressing the ‘conspiracy theory’ that all deaths are being recorded as Covid – categorically not true. If this was flu season, I’d be concerned that flu deaths and Covid deaths were getting ‘combined’ and it may be unclear whether it was a flu death or a Covid death. As it is, there is very little circulating in the UK population at the moment that would cause 50,000+ excess deaths other than Covid. In fact it’s more likely that many cases that WERE Covid didn’t get recorded as such. My wifes Uncle for example, was one of the first who died in his retirement/care home. Tests weren’t available, more died, and they weren’t recorded as Covid. They may experience 1 death on average, in an 8 week period, probably less, but 16 died ! The later casualties were tested and it was found to be an outbreak of Covid-19.
So any incorrect recordings of death by Covid-19 that weren’t, are in my view, more than balanced by Covid deaths that weren’t recorded as such. Overall, I think the ‘numbers’, whilst not perfect, are not adversely manipulated or false as some claim.
The decision to lockdown, in the face of a virus which had killed thousands very quickly in Italy and overwhelmed the health system seems to me, to have been the right one in the UK. In countries where the virus is concentrated in very specific areas/cities, a more nuanced approach may have been possible, but that is up to each jurisdiction to decide. Here in the UK, the 50,000 fatalities would easily have been 200,000-500,000 if the r rate was allowed to remain at 3. That would be totally unacceptable. It would’ve meant bodies piling up in the street, literally.
So the easy decision is behind us. I agree, the damage the lockdown is doing is enormous and it’s going to have huge consequences. Here in the UK, government has been paying 80% of workers wages, so that employers don’t need to fire them. The hard bit, is what comes next. Lockdowns are being eased, and the r number is being monitored (currently between 0.7 and 1 for much of the country). The government is tapering the payments to employees over the next few months, so at some point the decision will have to be made to either keep them on, and let them go back to work, or (if business has dried up), to fire them.
I just pray that we don’t have a repeat of the Spanish Flu (a second wave, much deadlier than the first). No vaccine is likely before the Northern Hemisphere Winter arrives, and no combination of drug therapies has been found that works for everyone – there are many claimed miraculous therapies on the internet – if they work (as claimed), we have little to worry about, so we’ll see about that. Here, our healthcare is free, so readily available, licensed drugs would be made available to everyone free of charge. If such a combination treatment exists we can rest easy.
Flu season will arrive as usual at the end of this year. If we get a resurgence of Covid-19, the threat to society will be far, far worse than anything we’ve seen in the last few months…
Chilling commentary. Your shoes are definately not the ones I’m living in. So.. I come back with the idea to test.. test .. test.. if there is a second wave.. or a third… I read Roche Labs had an approved antibody test in UK. Efficient and rapid. Get 100 strips per citizen.. 1000’s per store. Then.. when the treatments come we have 2 levels of protection. AND we will have limites collateral damage by having a highly opened.. low risk economy… schools.. etc. Every day there is a lockdown.. jow much total $$$ cost? A tiny portion of that could pay for many many tests avalibale to everybody.
Mmmm. Roche test is blood sample. Not quite there yet. “…These fully automated systems can provide SARS-CoV-2 test results in approximately 18 minutes for one single test, with a test throughput of up to 300 tests/hour, depending on the analyser….”
I agree, testing could be key, but realistically each person would need to test daily because you could touch a surface or breathe it in an hour after you test negative. That’s 67 million tests a day in the UK. A word of caution. Almost every person I know who has had the virus, tested negative, before later tests came back positive (but by then they were very ill indeed). Children almost always have a barely noticeable illness, but they do act as carriers (teachers have died here).
Thanks for the reasonable assessment. It is still my viewpoint that if the USA and UK were really ready for a pandemic outbreak (a tall order, I confess), then the lockdown would have been greatly lessened or restricted to certain localities. Or maybe it would have wrecked havoc anyway, there is no way to really tell.
I see a lot of folks talking about the Hong Kong flu of 1968/1969 (H3N2). It has a R0 of ~1.8 and was mutated from another naturally occurring strain (H2N2). Therefore, there was some resistance in the human population. It was nothing like a “novel” coronavirus. Same thing with the 2009 swine flu pandemic. Swine flu was 1.4 – 1.6 and available anti-viral treatments seemed to help. Worldwide more people died from swine flu than covid-19, but swine flu lasted 20 months and covid-19 has been out in the world (excluding china) for only 4 or so months.
I amazed at how many folks seem to be flat out anti-science.
Thank you Northstar for your service as a frontline worker. You stated “no combination of drug therapies has been found that works for everyone” This is where the Medical Community, CDC, and WHO have really failed us. We are being told to wait for the vaccine. CDC and WHO can not make any money on generic drugs and supplements that could have saved so many lives. Instead they demanded time consuming double blind scientific studys on generics and supplements that have been used successfully for decades. The global medical community has blood on their hands for letting so many people die needlessly.
https://www.paulcraigroberts.org/2020/05/11/protocol-for-covid-19-treatment/
Here is the critical care protocol developed by Dr. Paul Marik, Chief of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School in Norfolk, Virginia, updated through May 5, 2020.
Thanks PK. I know the doctors here are in constant communication with international counterparts and are running many trials involving generic drugs as we speak. Still no breakthroughs though…
Northstar I hope you will click on the link and read that article. At the end you can then read the full report which is the actual protocol this doctor is using very successfully.
“URGENT! Please circulate as widely as possible. It is crucial that every pulmonologist, every critical care doctor and nurse, every hospital administrator, every public health official receive this information immediately.” – by Dr. Paul Marik, Chief of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School. https://www.paulcraigroberts.org/2020/05/11/protocol-for-covid-19-treatment/
NS, I don’t know if you watched the video that I had posted, but like all of nature, all events are combinations of pluralities. This Doc shows the relationship of environment, the drug industry and health of the population in relation to how the virus has effected everyone.
Just one example of several he points out:
A while back I had posed that we have epidemics of obesity, heart disease, smoking etc, in this country that kill many more than the virus will. I didn’t realize until this video that all those are some of the reasons the virus kills so many because they are so weakened.
There are always many pluralities.
And the conspirators? How many could you count from this video? Drug industry, fast food industry, agriculture industry, US government?
That’s why the whole conspiracy thing was so ridiculous to me, the whole world is one big con job on us by ourselves.
We do all this to ourselves. Americans eat crap, don’t exercise, smoke, take drugs for it all and then claim victim!
This is just ONE of the points he makes.
Please watch the video, you are a scientist and you will be riveted by it for it’s comprehensive approach to all of this virus stuff!
Hi Steins. I haven’t watched it yet, but I will. I listen to, and learn from the frontline responders in my region of the country and prefer to listen to their testimony and experience. There are so many conflicting views, but the truth of the battle against this comes from those who are exposed to it every single day of their working lives. The list of culprits you list for premature death is quite correct, but we choose to do it all to ourselves, and our healthcare system in the UK ‘ticks along quite nicely’ dealing with it. Had the virus overwhelmed our hospital capacity, a lot of people would have found that their poor health choices meant a death sentence much earlier than they thought. The question about whether they deserve it is an open one…
We reap what we sow…
Thanks for the detailed report on Great Britain’s response.
Again you have a different perspective than the majority of people here who don’t even have 1 close person who has tested positive
Encouraging statistic is the 10% of the population has been infected .
by my calculation that translates to a .5% Infection fatality rate for all infections.
That has to bring SOME relief ..as the “headline” Case Fatality rate is 12%
Working from that premise ( .5%) is a lot less terrifying than working from 12%.
If half ot these were in people in their last months of life expectancy then the rate for general populations is even less.
I get it that IF 100% of the population gets infected and .5% will die that is 350,000 deaths …10 times more than the now 35,000
I get it that this is a “novel” virus and “technically” no one has immunity to it
BUT as we have learned from 2 sources NoT everybody will get infected .
1…The Diamond Princess : ballpark numbers 4,000 people were basically swimming in the virus for 2 weeks
800 tested positive…roughly 20% . How come the other 80% did not get infected ?
We have learned that perhaps having had a cold in the last year can prevent infection. ( colds are from related corona viruses)
And for some unknowable reason many people do NOT ever get infected with these viruses.
2..Dr. Zack Bush explained that these viruses including covid are NOT new…they have been part of the virome since the beginning of time. This particular one is presently causing trouble due to a host of factors including pollution and animal antibiotics and pesticides and heart medication and flu shots…so it has been more of an opportunist infection than a Novel virus infection.
Bottom line NO WHERE NEAR ALL PEOPLE will get infected.
Some of these flu strains that have been circulating for years have NOT infected everyone…for some reasons we will never know..some people do NOT get infected…not even asymptomatically. They just don’t GET IT
My point is it is highly unlikely that all Britons will be infected…so the max death number of 350,000 is way too high.
Again it has to be said…every death is a tragedy…but many deaths is a statistic….and its statistics that drive the response.
The Hospital Capacities in most places has grown greatly.
So during the second wave we have to expect the response will be adequate .
I agree You / we had to initially respond with lockdowns in selected situations .
But going forward I do not believe second and third lockdowns will be beneficial considering the economic devestation that would cause.
“2..Dr. Zack Bush explained that these viruses including covid are NOT new…they have been part of the virome since the beginning of time. … so it has been more of an opportunist infection than a Novel virus infection.”
Now I don’t have to bother watching the video. Are you saying he doesn’t believe that virus mutate and they can then jump from animal to human and then from human to human???? That seems very wrong to me.
Absolutely not kemmrich. He is explaining a much more comprehensive look at all of the biology of us and the planet!
You are one of the members here that I had hoped would watch having been one of the most level headed, scientific ones.
He talks in great length about the virus realm and how dynamic and fantastic they are.
He talks about much more than the virus…His experience in the 3 fields he has doctorates in has give him a perspective that nobody else on the planet has expressed…and the last 10 minuets ! Will bring tears of joy and wonder.
He is mainly a “gut” doctor and describes things from a more “wholistic” view, it seems, and sells you products (based on the web entries I have seen). Absolutely nothing wrong with that — those guys get it right at times. I don’t want to watch a hour+ video, though — does he have a paper I can read on the same topic?
Tend to agree with your thoughts there Fully. My best explanation for only 20% becoming infected onboard the ship is that people were avoiding being within a few metres of each other once the virus was detected onboard.
We will (perhaps) find out when we find out.
People speak and write about antibody tests and vaccines, but we do not know how accurate antibody tests will be, nor do we know how effective vaccines will be.
I am not a virologist. Far from it.
However I do know that there are multiple pitfalls to simplistic thinking. On the plus side, the virus may tend to mutate to become less nasty, for example.
On the other, antibodies may not be effective against it. I don’t think we know. Even if they are, the virus perhaps may mutate enough to form strains that make the vaccine relatively ineffective. To be pedantic, there was also discussion early on during the Wuhan crisis of a mechanism, antibody dependent enhancement (ADE), whereby a virus actually uses antibodies to infect cells. This mechanism supposedly explains why a first bout of dengue fever may be mild whereas a second one is much worse. Thus if one enjoys worrying about everything one could worry that having some antibodies could make exposure more dangerous. Also, some pathogens do not provoke much in the way of an enduring immune response.
Biological systems are ridiculously complicated. There are all sorts of nonlinear dynamics. Worse, there can be markedly differing individual responses. So it may not be black-and-white yes-or-no, yes I tested positive for antibodies and the test is reliable and I am now immune, or yes I have had the vaccine so now I am immune. Not Q.E.D. yet.
Good points Karl. Many different factors at play. The universe is plural and at minimum three.
Nature is always a plurality of events, cycling over and over again.
Just a simple “thank you” for being a quiet voice of reason.
Appreciated 🙂